Reinserción en clave personalista: hacia una criminología centrada en el sentido.
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Abstract
Los modelos de tratamiento contemporáneos parten de una imagen
antropológica del delincuente como un sujeto pasivo cuya conducta resulta de la
confluencia de diversas necesidades criminógenas, que operarían como factores de
riesgo. En consecuencia, las intervenciones que formulan se centran en eliminarlas o
mitigar su influencia. Sin embargo, recientes propuestas abogan por un cambio
paradigmático, consistente en motivar al individuo al cese de la delincuencia mediante
el cultivo de sus fortalezas y metas personales. Dichos planteamientos pueden verse
significativamente potenciados por la logoterapia, una psicoterapia basada en el
principio de que la principal motivación humana es la de experimentar que la vida
tiene sentido. Consideramos que la experiencia de sentido podría actuar como un
importante factor protector que amortiguaría la influencia de los factores de riesgo
personales, reduciendo la probabilidad de reincidencia.
Contemporary models of treatment are rooted in an anthropological view of the offender as a passive subject whose behavior results from the convergence of different criminogenic needs, which operate as risk factors. As a consequence, the interventions of such approaches are focused on deleting them or mitigate their influence. Nonetheless, recent proposals defend a paradigmatic shift, which consists of motivating the individual to abandon their criminal activity by increasing their strengths and personal goals. Such approach can be maximized by logotherapy, the psychotherapy based on the Viktor Frank’s idea that the main human motivation is to experience that its life owns a meaning. We consider that the experience of meaning in life could act as an important protection factor that would lessen the influence of personal risk factors, reducing the ratio of recidivism.
Contemporary models of treatment are rooted in an anthropological view of the offender as a passive subject whose behavior results from the convergence of different criminogenic needs, which operate as risk factors. As a consequence, the interventions of such approaches are focused on deleting them or mitigate their influence. Nonetheless, recent proposals defend a paradigmatic shift, which consists of motivating the individual to abandon their criminal activity by increasing their strengths and personal goals. Such approach can be maximized by logotherapy, the psychotherapy based on the Viktor Frank’s idea that the main human motivation is to experience that its life owns a meaning. We consider that the experience of meaning in life could act as an important protection factor that would lessen the influence of personal risk factors, reducing the ratio of recidivism.






