Apostando por el líder atento: Investigación sobre liderazgo servicial, TMX y orientación a la distancia de poder en trabajadores
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Llopis Franco, Iris
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Abstract
El liderazgo servicial se asocia con una mayor calidad de las relaciones entre los
miembros de un equipo de trabajo. Del mismo modo, existe la posibilidad de que la orientación
a la distancia de poder de cada trabajador afecte al modo en que se percibe al líder servicial.
Además, la literatura existente revela que existe una clara relación entre las variables en
cuestión (liderazgo servicial, calidad de las relaciones de los miembros o TMX y orientación a
la distancia de poder). El objetivo propuesto en la presente investigación es encontrar la
relación entre liderazgo servicial y TMX (H1: a mayor liderazgo servicial, mayor TMX), así
como, el efecto moderador de orientación a la distancia de poder (H2: a mayor orientación,
menor efecto de liderazgo servicial sobre TMX). Para alcanzar este propósito, se recogen datos
de una muestra de 97 trabajadores en población general y se utilizan 3 instrumentos distintos,
uno para medir cada variable de interés. Los resultados sugieren que existe relación positiva y
significativa entre liderazgo servicial y TMX, pero se obtiene una dirección opuesta a la
esperada en la orientación a la distancia de poder: a mayor orientación, mayor efecto de
liderazgo servicial sobre TMX. Se plantean distintas teorías por las que no se cumple la
segunda hipótesis, entre ellas, que un trabajador acostumbrado a un jefe autoritario, valorará
más los actos serviciales de este; a diferencia del empleado que acostumbra a tener un jefe
servicial.
Servant leadership is associated with a higher quality of relationships among team members. Similarly, there is the possibility that the power distance orientation of each worker affects how the servant leader is perceived. Moreover, the existing literature reveals that there is a clear relationship between the variables in question (servant leadership, quality of member relationships or TMX, and power distance orientation). The objective proposed in the present research is to find the relationship between servant leadership and TMX (H1: the greater the servant leadership, the greater the TMX), as well as the moderating effect of power distance orientation (H2: the greater the orientation, the lesser the effect of servant leadership on TMX). To achieve this purpose, data were collected from a sample of 97 workers in the general population and 3 different instruments were used, one to measure each variable of interest. The results suggest that there is a positive and significant relationship between servant leadership and TMX, but the opposite direction to that expected for power distance orientation is obtained: the greater the orientation, the greater the effect of servant leadership on TMX. Different theories are put forward as to why the second hypothesis is not fulfilled, among them, that an employee accustomed to an authoritarian boss will value his or her helpful acts more highly, as opposed to an employee who is accustomed to having a helpful boss.
Servant leadership is associated with a higher quality of relationships among team members. Similarly, there is the possibility that the power distance orientation of each worker affects how the servant leader is perceived. Moreover, the existing literature reveals that there is a clear relationship between the variables in question (servant leadership, quality of member relationships or TMX, and power distance orientation). The objective proposed in the present research is to find the relationship between servant leadership and TMX (H1: the greater the servant leadership, the greater the TMX), as well as the moderating effect of power distance orientation (H2: the greater the orientation, the lesser the effect of servant leadership on TMX). To achieve this purpose, data were collected from a sample of 97 workers in the general population and 3 different instruments were used, one to measure each variable of interest. The results suggest that there is a positive and significant relationship between servant leadership and TMX, but the opposite direction to that expected for power distance orientation is obtained: the greater the orientation, the greater the effect of servant leadership on TMX. Different theories are put forward as to why the second hypothesis is not fulfilled, among them, that an employee accustomed to an authoritarian boss will value his or her helpful acts more highly, as opposed to an employee who is accustomed to having a helpful boss.




