Revisión acerca de las técnicas de cultivo in vitro empleadas en el género Satureja L.
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Guijarro Blanco, José María
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Abstract
Satureja L. es uno de los géneros de plantas medicinales más importantes por el
conjunto de actividades biológicas descritas para sus extractos. Las técnicas de cultivo
in vitro constituyen un conjunto de herramientas biotecnológicas de gran interés en la
producción de plantas con interés económico, ya que permiten propagar genotipos de
forma masiva, o desarrollar clones de plantas mejoradas. A pesar del interés que este
género suscita, todavía no se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica acerca de la
aplicación de las técnicas de cultivo in vitro en ellas. Por este motivo, el objetivo principal
de este trabajo se centra en explorar el estado del conocimiento actual acerca de la
aplicación de estas técnicas en Satureja. Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda
bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos científicas (Web of Science, Google
Scholar, etc.) empleando distintas ecuaciones de búsqueda y palabras clave, y
aplicando un total de 8 criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se han obtenido y analizado
29 trabajos científicos y el análisis de los resultados muestra una intensificación en el
número de publicaciones durante los últimos años, la mayoría de ellos publicados en
Irán. Las temperaturas de cultivo ensayadas oscilan entre los 21ºC y 25ºC, y el
fotoperiodo mayoritario es de 16 horas. La técnica de cultivo in vitro más empleada es
la micropropagación, seguida del cultivo de callo y cultivo celular en suspensión. Los
medios de cultivo más empleados son MS (61%), B5 (27%), LS (6%) y WPM (6%). Los
reguladores de crecimiento más empleados fueron BAP, AIB, ANA, KIN, AIA, y TDZ.
Aunque hay cierto desarrollo del cultivo in vitro en Satureja, sería deseable estudiar un
mayor número de especies, analizar el efecto de reguladores no probados hasta la
fecha, y ampliar el rango de concentraciones, para sacar el máximo provecho de estas
plantas.
Satureja L. is one of the most important medicinal plant genera due to the set of biological activities described for its extracts. In vitro culture techniques constitute a set of biotechnological tools of great interest in the production of plants with economic interest, since they allow genotypes to be propagated massively, or clones of improved plants to be developed. Despite the interest that this genus arouses, a literature review on the application of in vitro culture techniques has not yet been carried out. For this reason, the main objective of this work focuses on exploring the state of current knowledge about the application of these techniques in Satureja. For this reason, a bibliographic search was carried out in the main scientific databases (Web of Science, Google Scholar, etc.) using different keyword and search equations, and applying a total of 8 inclusion and exclusion criteria. 29 scientific works have been obtained and analyzed and the analysis of the results shows an intensification in the number of publications during the last years, most of them published in Iran. The culture temperatures tested range between 21ºC and 25ºC, and the majority photoperiod is 16 hours. The most widely used in vitro culture technique is micropropagation, followed by callus culture and suspension cell culture. The most used culture media are MS (61%), B5 (27%), LS (6%) and WPM (6%). The most used growth regulators were BAP, AIB, ANA, KIN, AIA, and TDZ. Although there is some development of in vitro culture in Satureja, it would be desirable to study a larger number of species, analyze the effect of regulators not tested to date, and broaden the range of concentrations, in order to get the most out of these plants.
Satureja L. is one of the most important medicinal plant genera due to the set of biological activities described for its extracts. In vitro culture techniques constitute a set of biotechnological tools of great interest in the production of plants with economic interest, since they allow genotypes to be propagated massively, or clones of improved plants to be developed. Despite the interest that this genus arouses, a literature review on the application of in vitro culture techniques has not yet been carried out. For this reason, the main objective of this work focuses on exploring the state of current knowledge about the application of these techniques in Satureja. For this reason, a bibliographic search was carried out in the main scientific databases (Web of Science, Google Scholar, etc.) using different keyword and search equations, and applying a total of 8 inclusion and exclusion criteria. 29 scientific works have been obtained and analyzed and the analysis of the results shows an intensification in the number of publications during the last years, most of them published in Iran. The culture temperatures tested range between 21ºC and 25ºC, and the majority photoperiod is 16 hours. The most widely used in vitro culture technique is micropropagation, followed by callus culture and suspension cell culture. The most used culture media are MS (61%), B5 (27%), LS (6%) and WPM (6%). The most used growth regulators were BAP, AIB, ANA, KIN, AIA, and TDZ. Although there is some development of in vitro culture in Satureja, it would be desirable to study a larger number of species, analyze the effect of regulators not tested to date, and broaden the range of concentrations, in order to get the most out of these plants.







