Revisión de los factores de riesgo que influyen en el trastorno límite de la personalidad
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Pérez Longares, Patricia
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Abstract
El Trastorno Límite de Personalidad (TLP) es una compleja y severa alteración de
la salud mental que se caracteriza por altos niveles de impulsividad e inestabilidad
emocional además de una marcada dificultad para establecer y gestionar
relaciones interpersonales. Siendo un trastorno muy prevalente, existe poca
información respecto a la posible etiología relacionada con él además de que no
existe un tratamiento indicado para abordarlo. Por ello, en esta revisión
bibliográfica se pretende actualizar la evidencia disponible con objetivo de poder
mejorar el diagnóstico precoz y en un futuro establecer un tratamiento adecuado
para lograr una mejora en la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. Como resultados
se agrupan los distintos factores etiopatogénicos en 4 grupos: factores
psicosociales, factores neurobiológicos y neuromorfológicos, vulnerabilidad
genética e impacto de la sociedad. En ellos se recogen las posibles asociaciones
halladas en la literatura buscando integrar coherentemente investigaciones que
han caracterizado este trastorno y que permitirían concebir de forma inicial una
fisiopatología particular para este trastorno. En conclusión, existe una asociación
entre un entorno inestable e incapacidad de desarrollo completo de la
personalidad así como evidencias de cambios epigenéticos y neuromorfológicos
significativos. Sin embargo, la investigación etiopatogénica del TLP todavía se
encuentra en sus primeras etapas.
Borderline Personality Disorder (BDP) is a complex and sever mental health disorder characterized by high levels of impulsivity and affective instability, as well as a marked difficulty to establish and manage interpersonal relationships. Although being a very prevalent disorder, not only little is known about its etiology but no treatment is being associated to BPD as well. Therefore, this review aims to update the available evidence in order to improve early detection and establish and adequate treatment to achieve higher levels of quality of life. As results, the different etiopathogenic factors found are grouped into 4 groups: psychosocial factors, genetic vulnerability and the impact of society. They include the possible associations and research found in the literature seeking to coherently integrate investigations that have characterized this disorder that would allow the initial conception of a particular pathophysiology for this disorder. In conclusion, there is an association between an unstable attachment and an inability tu fully develop personality as well as significative evidence in epigenetical and neuromorphological variations. However, etiophathogenic research on BDP is still in its early stages.
Borderline Personality Disorder (BDP) is a complex and sever mental health disorder characterized by high levels of impulsivity and affective instability, as well as a marked difficulty to establish and manage interpersonal relationships. Although being a very prevalent disorder, not only little is known about its etiology but no treatment is being associated to BPD as well. Therefore, this review aims to update the available evidence in order to improve early detection and establish and adequate treatment to achieve higher levels of quality of life. As results, the different etiopathogenic factors found are grouped into 4 groups: psychosocial factors, genetic vulnerability and the impact of society. They include the possible associations and research found in the literature seeking to coherently integrate investigations that have characterized this disorder that would allow the initial conception of a particular pathophysiology for this disorder. In conclusion, there is an association between an unstable attachment and an inability tu fully develop personality as well as significative evidence in epigenetical and neuromorphological variations. However, etiophathogenic research on BDP is still in its early stages.



