Suicidio en adolescentes. Factores implicados, visibilidad y prevención
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Miralles Vivó, Lydia
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Abstract
Las tasas de suicidio son cada vez más elevadas entre jóvenes, siendo a
nivel mundial, la segunda causa principal de muerte en el grupo de 15 a 29 años.
Ha ido en aumento hasta el punto de que ahora estos son el grupo de mayor riesgo
en un tercio de los países, tanto en el mundo desarrollado como en el mundo en
desarrollo. El suicidio en adolescentes se convierte así en un problema de salud
mental pública en auge, no exento de dilema, debido a lo influenciables que pueden
llegar a ser tales individuos por su edad, carácter impulsivo y situación emocional.
Cuenta con circunstancias propias de la edad y con datos epidemiológicos, que
constatan particularidades asociadas al sexo (femenino y masculino). Y se
caracteriza por implicar una gran variedad de factores (genéticos, biológicos,
sociales, etc.), lo cual dificulta la identificación de los mismos y la actuación
temprana por los especialistas. Siendo conductas con gran estigma social y con
diagnóstico típicamente tardío y terapia insatisfactoria, aún no se ha desarrollado
un plan preventivo unificado y un algoritmo de tratamiento estandarizado para la
mayoría de estos casos. Arrojar información sobre las características particulares
(rasgos epidemiológicos, manifestaciones clínicas, manejo de dicha conducta y
tratamientos) del suicidio en esta franja de edad. Hacerlo sobre la prevención del
mismo en base a la identificación de los posibles factores de riesgo y factores
protectores junto al papel de divulgación de los medios (internet). Así como sobre
las actuales estrategias de prevención… solo puede suponer un mayor
conocimiento. Conocimiento traducido en visibilidad y concienciación, tan
necesarias a la hora de tratar gestos, ideas e intentos suicidas tanto en la población
general como en grupos vulnerables, como los adolescentes.
Suicide rates are increasing among young people, being globally the second main cause of death in the 15-29 age group. It has been increasing to the point that these are now the most at-risk group in one-third of thecountries in the developed and developing worlds. Suicide in adolescents becomes a growing public mental health problem, not without dilemma, due to how influential these individuals can be because of their age, impulsive character and emotional situation. It has circumstances inherent to age and epidemiological data, which confirm particularities associated with sex (female and male). And it is characterized by involving a wide variety of factors (genetic, biological, social, etc.), which makes difficult their identification and act early by specialists. Are behaviors with strong social stigma and with typically late diagnosis and unsatisfactory therapy. But a unified preventive plan and a standardized treatment algorithm have not yet been developed for most of these cases. To provide information on the particular features (epidemiological features, clinical manifestations, behavior management and treatments) of suicide in this age group. Do it on its prevention based on the identification of possible risk and protective factors together with the role of media (internet) in dissemination of information. As well as on current prevention strategies… it can only mean more knowledge. Knowledge translated into visibility and awareness; both necessary when treating suicidal gestures, ideas and attempts, in the general population and in vulnerable groups, such as adolescents.
Suicide rates are increasing among young people, being globally the second main cause of death in the 15-29 age group. It has been increasing to the point that these are now the most at-risk group in one-third of thecountries in the developed and developing worlds. Suicide in adolescents becomes a growing public mental health problem, not without dilemma, due to how influential these individuals can be because of their age, impulsive character and emotional situation. It has circumstances inherent to age and epidemiological data, which confirm particularities associated with sex (female and male). And it is characterized by involving a wide variety of factors (genetic, biological, social, etc.), which makes difficult their identification and act early by specialists. Are behaviors with strong social stigma and with typically late diagnosis and unsatisfactory therapy. But a unified preventive plan and a standardized treatment algorithm have not yet been developed for most of these cases. To provide information on the particular features (epidemiological features, clinical manifestations, behavior management and treatments) of suicide in this age group. Do it on its prevention based on the identification of possible risk and protective factors together with the role of media (internet) in dissemination of information. As well as on current prevention strategies… it can only mean more knowledge. Knowledge translated into visibility and awareness; both necessary when treating suicidal gestures, ideas and attempts, in the general population and in vulnerable groups, such as adolescents.



